Electromotor.



B. F. HUTCHES, JR.

ELECTROMOTOR.

APPLIGATIQN FILED M1119, 1910.

1,013,494 'Patented t121112. 1912.

Fig. Z.

new and BENJAMIN r. nurcnrzs, Jn., or ALLENDALE, NEW JERSEY.

nnnc'rnonoron.

VSpeciflcation of Letters Patent.'

Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

Application led Hay 19, 1910. Serial No. 562,128.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

lBe it known that I, BENJAMIN F.' Hufrorms, Jr., av citizen of theUnited States, residingat Allendale, county of BergenLState of NewJersey, have invented useful Improvements in Electromotors, of-which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates 'to an electromotor of novel construction wnichis more par.; ticularly designed! to develop high Spower at acomparatively ,lowV purposefthe vibrations of the armature of anelectromagnet are utilized to advance a suitably constructed 4wheelwhich in turn transmits motion tothe motor shaft .by means of aninterposed spring, acting as a compensator.

The invention alsov comprises novel means for controlling' the velocityof the armature-vibrations and for breaking the circuit of theelectromagnet in such a man-r ner that sparking is reduced to a minimum.

Finally my invention *includes A,means for preventing 'any overloading.of the electromotor byautomatically cutting-ott' the electric current in'casethe load exceeds the power for which'the motor is intended, so thatwaste of electric energy is avoided, while overheating of theelectromagnets is prevented. l

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a plan of my improvedelectromotor, Fig. 2 a vertical longitudinal section on lline 2 2, Fig.1, Fig. 3 a rear view partlyA broken away of the motor, Fig. 4 avertical section on line 4 4, Fig. 1, Fig. 5 a detail of thecircuit-controlling spring, and Fig. 6 a wiring diagram. l I

The power shaft 10 of theelectromotor is journaled in a suitable frame11 and.car ries a spring barrel 12 secured -to said shaft by a screw 13or otherwise. barrel 12 and a lined collar 14, there is loosely mountedon shaft' 10 a ratchet wheel 15. To the hub 15@L ofwheel 15, is securedat 15b one end of a coiled spring 15c the other end of which is'connected to barrel 12 at 15d. Ratchet wheel 15 is adapted to be`intermittently advanced by means of a pawl 16, while its. returnmovement is p re-y vented by a spring-influenced detent 17, pivoted to astandard 18 as at 19. 16 'is ulcrumed to a lever 2O pivoted at 21 tostandard' 18 and carrying at its free end a magnetizable'armature v22.The heel speed. For this' Intermediate 23` of pawl 16 is engaged by aspring 24 which tends to hold said pawl inoperative engagement withratchet` wheel 15. Below armature 22, there are mounted upon asuitablebase plate 25 a pair of electromagnets 26 which, when energized,will lower lever 20 together with pawl 16 to advance ratchet wheel 15for the length of one tooth. Lever 20- is inluenced by a spring 27 whichtends to maintain the lever Ain its raised' position.

Electromagnets 26 are intermittently energized lby means of aninterrupter which is shown to consist of an insulating block 28 providedwith a downwardly extending convtact' spring or tongue 29. Block 28 issecured toa spindle ,30 which is supportedby bearings 31 in such aymanner that it will maintain any position to which it has been set.Tongue 29 is adapted to engage a contact button 32 secured to aninsulator 33, while the play of the spring may be regulated by .anadjusting screw 34. spring 29 engages button 32, an electric circuit isclosed which energizes electromagnets 26 to attract armature V22. Thisarma- When I ture whiledescending, impinges against an inclined sectionor lower abutment 35 of block 28 so as to tilt the latter and swingAspring 29 away from button 32, thereby in# terrupting theY electriccurrent previously l flowing through electromagnets 26. After/ theelectromagnets have thus become de energized, spring 27 is free to raisele er 2O until it abuts against an adjusting s ev.1 36.` During the'laststage of its ascent, lever 2O engages 'a bent arm or upper abutment 37extending 'upwardly from block 28, thereby slightly tilting the blockand thus' returning contact spring 29 to the position. shown lin Fig. 2.In this way, elecvtromagnets 26 become again energized and the operationdescribed will be repeated. It will be seen that by the aboveconstruction, the interrupter is forced todwell at the terminals of itsoscillative .,mOVement, so that a proper and distinct energizing anddenergizing of the electronragnets can take place. In order to regulatethe speed of armature 22 during its upward movement, a dash pot or otherbrake may be provided. As shown, lever 20 is by link 38 connected to apiston 39 playing in a cylinder 40. During the descent of lever 20, air

'has .free access to cylinder 4() through a downwardly opening flapvalve 41, whil' duringthe ascent of the lever, the air escapes through avent 42, the area of which may be controlled by a regulating screw 43.By properly setting this screw, the 'speed and consequently ythe numberof oscillations of armature 22 in a certain time may be regulated. fIt.will be seen'that by the construction described,l the interrupter maybeset to any desired speed while at the same-time sparking is reducedtoa minimum. As abutment 35 is engaged onlyduring the last stage of thedownward movement of the armature to' tilt block' 28, and-as furthermorethe-length of spring 29 considerably exceeds the leverage of abutment35, a quick and positive movement is imparted to the -springrwlienopening the circuit. ,In this way, any lingering of the contact springoppositebutton 32 is prevented so that the formation of electric arcs.is obviated. Furthermore the electromagnetshave ample time to recoverduring the up'strokeof the armature so that.

upon their subsequent renergizing, a powerful impetus is imparted to thelatter. By

interpolating the coiled spring 15c between ratchet wheel'15'andshaft10, the energy d eveloped by armature 22 is partly lstored in saidspringso `that a uniform rotation of shaft 10 is obtained irrespective of thestepvlike movement of ratchet wheel 15. Spring 15c has lthe additionalfunction of breaking the circuit in case-'the motor should becomeoverloaded,` thus economizingV energy. For

this purpose,y barrel 12 is loosely encircled by Aa pairof. spaced ringsor'contact members 44, 45 rigidly secured to aninsulating plate,

25 which is 1n Vturn secured to base plate 25. To. barrel.12 ,\the1.e isfastenedat46 a forked contact spring 47, having resilient legs 48, 49that are arranged opposite rings 44, 45 respectively. Leg 48.is so bentas to be maintained in permanent contact withring A44, while leg 49 hasthetendency to recede from ring 45.` In order to temporarily force leg49 against ring 45 and thereby closethe electric circuit, there isinterposed between the outermostconvolute of spring 15c and leg 49aspacing pin 50.- This'pin-is shown to be securedj'to" spring 15 andpasses4 through a perforation 51 of barrel 12.- Ring 44 is by vwire 52connected to one pole of a cillation of the armature is utilized forro-.

tating shaft 10, whereby the speed of said y By properly dimensioningpin 50, the motor nately opening and closing Awill be wound around hub15a of ratchet wheel v15, until finally pin 50 is retracted from leg 49of spring 47. Leg 49 is thus free to recede from ring 45 therebybreaking the current previously iiowing through electromagnets 26. A'Iheparts will remain in this inoperative` position until the load coupledto shaft 10 has been reduced, so that during the non-working of thedevice no current will How through thc same, thus economizing electricenergy and preventing any undue heating of the electro-magnets.

may be set to any maximum load and if this loadfis exceededA the Amotorwill be automatically arrested, while the energy previously stored inspring .15 will remain stored during the time the motor remainsinoperative.

Although my improved means for alterthe circuit through electro-magnets26 to oscillate their armature, and also the means for regulatingtheflspeed of such oscillations have been shown in connection with anelectromotor, 1t is obvious that these means may also be appliedto othercontrivances which depend upon the alternating closing and opening ofelectric lcircuits, such as sparkersfor automobiles, coherers forwireless telegraphy,

fand similar devices.

engagedv by the armature, and a fixed contact adapted to contact.

2. In a device of the character described, an electromagnet, aspring-influenced armature controlled thereby, an oscillativecontact-spring, an upper abutment and a lower abutment 'secured thereto,both of said abutments being adapted to be .engaged by the armature, anda fixed contact adapted to be engaged by the contact-spring.

3. In a device of the character described, an electromagnet, anarmaturel controlled thereby, a pivoted insulating block having a lowerabutment and an upper abutment, both of said abutments being adapted tobe engaged by the armature, a tongue depending from the block, and acontact and an engaged by the movable' ,adjusting screw adapted to bealternately 'engaged by the tongue.

4. In a device of the character described,

alternately engaged by the tongue.

a frame, an electromagnet, an armature controlled thereby, a spindlehung in the frame, an insulating block carried by said spindle andhaving a llovver abutment andan upper abutment, both of said abutmentsbeing adapted to be engaged by the armature, a.

tongue depending from the block, and a contact and an adjusting screwadapted to be Y 5. ln a device ci the character described,

a barrel, a coiled spring, inclosed therein, a'

pair ofconductive rings encircling the barrel, and means controlledbythe spring for' establishing and interrupting electric communicationbetween said rings.

6. In a device of the character described,

a barrel, a coiledspring inclosed therein, a

a barrel, a coiledirst spring' iuclosed therei in, a pair of `conductiverings encircling 'the barrel, a second spring secured to the barrel andhavinga pair of legs Which are adapted to engage the rings, and ajpin,adapted to'-y operatively. connect th'ecoil'lued spring Withl y one ofsaid legs?.

BENJAMIN F. HUTCHES, JR..y Witnesses: l

FRANK v. BRIESEN,

ARTHUR E. ZUMPE.

